NIOS Class 10 Science and Technology Activity 4.8 Chemical Reactions and Equations

This activity 4.8 demonstrates the conditions necessary for the rusting of iron.

NIOS Class 10 Science and Technology Project File

This activity is based on the NIOS class 10 science and technology chapter 4, Chemical Reactions and Equations

Aim of the activity

To find the necessary conditions required for the rusting of iron.

Materials Required

    1. Three beakers

    2. Iron nails (3-4 nails per beaker)

    3. Water

    4. Watch glass

Procedure

We take three beakers and label them as A, B, and C. Now we place 3-4 iron nails in each beaker.

We cover the mouth of the beaker A with a watch glass to prevent air from entering.

We add a little water to beaker b and leave it open to allow air to enter.

Now we add enough water in beaker C to submerge the nails and cover it with a watch glass. We leave the beakers undisturbed for a few weeks and observe the condition of the nails in all beakers.

Observation

    1. In beaker A- No rusting

    2. In beaker B- Rusting on the surface of the iron nails

    3. In beaker C- No rusting

Explanation

Rusting of iron occurs in the presence of both air (oxygen) and water (humidity).

In beaker A, air is present but water is absent, so no rusting occurs.

In beaker B, both water and air are present, so rusting occurs.

In beaker C, water is present but air is absent, so no rusting occurs.

4Fe + 3O₂  + xH₂O →Fe₂O₃.xH₂O

Conclusion

This activity demonstrates that both air (oxygen) and water are essential for the rusting of iron.

Frequently Asked Questions

   1. What is rust?

Answer -  Rust is a hydrated iron oxide.

   2. What are the essential factors that cause rusting?

Answer- Oxygen(air) and water(moisture)

   3. Can rusting be prevented?

Answer- Rusting can be prevented by painting, oiling, galvanizing, and other methods.

   4. Is rusting a physical change or chemical change?

Answer – Rusting is a chemical change because a new substance is formed, and it is irreversible.

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