What is reduction reaction class 10?

In this article, you will get the answer to what is reduction reaction for class10 with a detailed explanation compiled with definition and examples

Reduction Reaction Definition Class 10

When a substance loses oxygen during the reaction, the reaction is called a reduction reaction.

                                   Or

 Removal of oxygen from a substance or addition of hydrogen to a substance takes place in the reaction, which is called a reduction reaction.

                ZnO + C →  Zn + CO

In the above reaction, zinc is reduced to zinc metal.

Reduction reaction also involves the following steps

    1. Removal of oxygen

    When oxygen is removed or decreased from  a substance, the substance gets reduced.

           2KClO₃ →    2KCl  + 3O₂

After losing oxygen, potassium chlorate is reduced to potassium chloride.

    2. Addition of hydrogen

When hydrogen is added or increased to a substance, the substance gets reduced.

   CH₂=CH₂   +   H₂  →CH₃  - CH₃

 Due to the addition of hydrogen, ethene is reduced to ethane.

   3. Removal of the negative element

When the negative element is removed or decreased from a substance, the substance gets reduced.

 

     2FeCl₃ + H₂   2FeCl₂  + 2HCl

     Due to a decrease in chlorine (an electro-negative element), FeCl₃ is reduced to FeCl₂.

   4. Addition of positive element

When a positive element is added or increased to a substance, the substance gets reduced.

Cl₂  + 2Na  →2NaCl

Chlorine is reduced to sodium chloride with the addition of sodium(an electropositive element)

 

 

Reduction in terms of electron transfer

 

Those reactions in which an atom, ion, or molecule accepts an electron, are called reduction.

i.              Cl + e^-   →Cl^-

Chlorine accepts electrons and is reduced to chlorine ion (an anion)

        ii. `MnO_4^-  + e^-  →  MnO_4^(2-)`

Permanganate ion accepts electrons and reduces to manganate ion.

iii.        Mg⁺²  + 2e^-  →Mg

Magnesium ion (positive ion) accepts electrons and reduces to magnesium (neutral atom)

 

 

So, these reactions show that in a reduction reaction, the neutral atom becomes an anion, or the charge on the anion increases or the charge on the positive ion decreases.

 

Examples of Reduction Reaction

1.  CuO + H₂ →Cu  + H₂O

2.  Cl₂ + H₂  →2HCl

3.  Fe₂O₃  + 3CO  →2Fe  + 3CO₂

4.  H₂S + SO₂   →3S   + 2H₂O

5.  PbO + C → Pb  + CO

Related Topics

1. What happens during a chemical reaction