NIOS Class 10 Science Activity 13.2 Work and Energy

We will understand the factors on which the kinetic energy of a moving body depends through a simple activity.

 

NIOS Class 10 Science and Technology (212) Project File

This activity is based on the NIOS Class 10 science and technology (212) Chapter 13- Work and Energy, Module 4.

 

Aim

 To observe the factors on which the kinetic energy depends

Materials Required

   1. Two thick hard hard-bound books

   2. One hard-bound register/ wooden board

   3. Match box

   4. Pencil cell

   5.  One torch cell

Procedure

We place two hard-bound books one on the other and keep a hard-bound register on them to form a sloping plane. Now we place a matchbox near the base of the sloping plane with its length parallel to the horizontal edge of the incline.

Next, we roll a pencil cell from the top of the slope, allowing it to hit the match box and observe the movement of the match box.

Now we roll a torch cell from the same height and observe the movement of the matchbox.

Finally, we repeat the activity by rolling either cell from a greater height and note the distance moved by the matchbox.

Observation

We observe that:

   1.  The pencil cell hits the matchbox and makes it move a little distance.

   2. The torch cell makes the match box move a longer distance.

   3. When the cells are rolled from a greater height, the matchbox moves farther.

Explanation

 A rolling cell has kinetic energy, which is transferred to the matchbox, making it move. Heavy objects(here torch cell ) have more kinetic energy that is why the matchbox moves farther.

The object rolling from a greater height has greater velocity because potential energy is converted into kinetic energy.

So (i) kinetic energy depends on mass. (ii) Kinetic energy depends on velocity

Conclusion

We can conclude that a moving body has kinetic energy. Kinetic energy increases with both mass and velocity of the body.

   

Frequently Asked Questions

   1. Why did the matchbox move when a rolling cell hit it?

Answer- Because the rolling cell had kinetic energy, which was transferred to the matchbox

   2. On what factors does kinetic energy depend?

Answer – Kinetic energy depends on (i) mass, (ii)  velocity

   3. What happens to the potential energy of a body when it comes down from a height?

Answer – Potential energy decreases as the body comes down, and its kinetic energy increases.

All Activities of Chapter 13 Work and Energy 

1.  Activity 13.1

2. Activity 13.2

3. Activity 13.3