NIOS Class 10 Chapter 2 Activity 2.7 Matter in Our Surroundings

This activity demonstrates the process of solar distillation to purify muddy water. This method is an example of how evaporation and condensation can be used to obtain clean water from a mixture.

NIOS Class 10 Science and Technology Project File

This activity is based on the NIOS class 10 science and technology chapter 2, Matter in Our Surroundings.

Aim of the activity

To separate pure water from muddy water by the process of distillation using solar energy

Required Materials

   1. Large pan

   2. Small glass or container

   3. Plastic transparent wrap

   4. Small stones or marbles

   5. Cello tap

   6.  2 liters of muddy water

Procedure

We pour 2 liters of muddy water into a large dishpan and place a small glass or container at the centre of the pan using marbles at the bottom of it.

Now we cover the entire pan with a transparent plastic wrap and place small marbles at the centre of this plastic wrap to create a dip.

We place this setup in direct sunlight and observe after some time.

Observation

 We can see water droplets on the underside of the plastic wrap and clean water in the container, also. We can also see mud and other impurities in the pan.

Explanation

This process is based on the principles of evaporation and condensation.

When the muddy water is exposed to direct sunlight, it turns into vapour, which is called evaporation.

 The water vapours rise and touch the cooler plastic wrap and condense back into water; this water drips into the container. All impurities were left behind in the pan.

This water is clear but may not be safe for drinking.

Conclusion

This activity demonstrates the natural process of cleaning water from muddy water by using solar energy.

Frequently Asked Questions

   1. Is the water collected in the glass safe to drink?

Answer – This water may contain dissolved impurities, so it should be further purified.

   

   2. Can this method be used on cloudy days?

Answer – No, this method requires direct sunlight.

   3. Why do we place a stone on the plastic wrap?

Answer – It creates a dip in it which allow the condensed water to drip into the container.