NIOS Class 10 Chapter 2 Activity 2.3 Matter in Our Surroundings

This activity helps us to classify the different materials (substances) around us scientifically into elements, compounds, and mixtures.

NIOS Class 10 Science and Technology Project File

This activity is based on the NIOS class 10 science and technology chapter 2, Matter in Our Surroundings.

Classification of substances

Aim of the activity

To classify different materials into elements, compounds, and mixtures

Materials used in the activity

   1. Notebook

   2. Pen or pencil

    3. 10 different materials

Procedure

We collect 10 different materials or substances from our home or surroundings. At first, we observe them and note their physical nature.

Now we identify the substance as an element, compound, or mixture.

If the substance is a mixture, then we classify it as either homogeneous or heterogeneous.

Observation Table

S.N	Material	Element	Compound	Mixture		Homogeneous         or heterogeneous
1	Water
2	Iron nail
3	Salt
4	Air				Homogeneous
5	Soil				Heterogeneous
6	Milk				Heterogeneous
7	Sugar
8	Lemonade				Homogeneous
9	Copper wire
10	Concrete				Heterogeneous

 

Explanation

We have identified that substances can be classified into elements, compounds, and mixtures.

Element – A substance that consists of only one type of atom is called an element. Fe, Cu, etc.

Compound – The substance that has atoms of different elements chemically combined.

Mixture – The substance that contains two or more substances physically combined.

We can classify mixtures into Homogeneous and heterogeneous.

Homogeneous mixture – The components are uniform throughout and not visible.

Heterogeneous mixture – The components are visible.

Conclusion

This activity demonstrates that materials can be classified based on their composition.

Frequently Asked Questions

   1.  What is the difference between a compound and a mixture?

Answer – Components in a compound are chemically bonded, and in the mixture, they are physically combined.

   2. Is air a mixture or a compound?

Answer – Air is a homogeneous mixture of different gases like oxygen, nitrogen, and others.

   3. Can a substance be both a mixture and a compound?

Answer – No, a substance can simultaneously be a compound or a mixture.

Related NIOS Class 10 Science Activities

S.N.	Related Topics
1	Activity 1.1
2	Activity 1.2
3	Activity 2.1
4	Activity 2.2
5	Activity 2.3
6	Activity 2.4
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